If you're going to really deal with jazz chords I would suggest thinking of them as collections of intervals rather than memorizing and practicing specific voicings in one fingering. It helps you store the knowledge in a way that is flexible and portable to all keys. In jazz you often need to adjust voicings on the fly so that the bass line or top note can fit into a melodic line, bass line, or a held note.
Since those are all 7th chord types, the most obvious way to use them in a progression is to make them the V chord. I did that for some of these examples.
These aren't from classic songs or anything, but they seem like pretty standard usage of the chords.
G7#5:
D7#9|G7#5|Cm7
or
Ab7|G7#5|Cm7
G7b5:
G7b5|C7|Fm
or
DbM7|Bbm7|G7b5|AbM7
G9#5 and G9b5:I have not found 9th chords with altered 5ths to be that common or fascinating, so maybe someone else has a better idea.
I could see going from G9#5 to a Cm7 so that the top note in the first chord is an A going down to a G (5th) in the Cm7. It could use the Ab in passing.
G9b5:
Cm add 9 (9th on top)|G9b5|Bbm7|A7|AbM7
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