If you go beyond simply recording with your phone there's going to be a learning curve to one extent or another.
I'd bet you can get a better recording with your phone than you already have. You'll need to stay close to its' mic - 12" or maybe closer. You'll need to experiment to find out what the ideal distance is.
The other important thing is where you record. Putting your phone on the kitchen counter is probably a bad place. Try going into the living room or some other room in your house that doesn't have hard reflective surfaces but soft absorbing ones instead. You want to find a spot where room ambiance is at a minimum and also where there's no extraneous noises like the fridge, the air conditioner, heater, etc.
You'll need to listen back to evaluate the quality of the recordings with at least some earbuds and not just the tiny speaker in the phone.
You may or may not get anything that you'll be happy with with just your phone but I have no way of guessing that.
Hope that helps.
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