The Beatles used a few, some descending, some ascending:
It's Only Love: G+ between G and C ("my oh my")
From Me to You: ditto ("...satisfied, ooh")
Ask Me Why: E+ between E and A ("I can't believe...")
One After 909: F#+ between F# and B ("number wrong ... well")
Those are all transition chords, leading from one section to the next by raising the 5th of the V chord (or of I leading to IV). In "Oh Darling" they use an E+ as the intro chord, leading to A.
But they also used it in descending lines, where a tonic note would descend to the 7th (harmonized with the aug) and then to a b7:
It Won't Be Long: B+ between E and D6
Being for the Benefit of Mr Kite: Gaug between Cm and Bb
Fixing a Hole: C+ between F and Fm7
I'm So Tired: E+ between A and F#m
(thanks to Dominic Pedler
)